Ninth of Av (called Tisha Ba’av)

And all the congregation lifted up their voice, and cried; and the people wept that night. (Numbers 14:1)

It was said that as punishment for crying in the desert upon hearing the report of the spies, God said to the Israelites, "You are crying tonight for no reason. This night will be set aside as a time for crying throughout the generations' with a reason".

The Talmud tells us of five tragedies that happened on the ninth of Av (called Tisha Ba’av).

1. Crying in the desert upon hearing the report of the spies;
2. The first Temple was destroyed.
3. The second Temple was destroyed.
4. Bar Kokhba's revolt against Rome failed in 135 CE. Simon bar Kokhba was killed, and the city of Betar was destroyed.
5. The wicked Turnus Rufus plowed the site of the Temple and its surroundings. Following the Roman siege of Jerusalem, the razing of Jerusalem occurred the next year.

Others:
March 31, 1492, Ferdinand and Isabella issued a royal decree to expel all Jews from Spain;
1095: The declaration of the Crusades by Pope Urban II;
1242: The burning of the Talmud;
1290: The signing of the edict by King Edward I expelling the Jews from England;
1914: The start of the First World War;
1942: The mass deportation of Jews from the Warsaw Ghetto to the Treblinka extermination camp in Poland;
1994: The bombing of the AMIA Jewish community center by Arab terrorists in Buenos Aires, Argentina, which killed 86 and wounded more than 120.
2005: Israeli withdrawal from the Gaza Strip.